Angličtina na minútku: Kedy sa používa predprítomný čas?

RELAX - Angličtina na minútku | 14.11.2013, 13.28, prispievatelia

Predprítomný čas (Present Perfect) sa používa na popis udalostí, ktoré začali v minulosti a pokračujú až do prítomnosti. Kontrastuje s použitím jednoduchého minulého času (Simple Past), ktorý sa používa pre ukončené udalosti.

Predprítomný čas (Present Perfect - pokračuje do prítomnosti)

My parents have lived in their house for 40 years. This year they are remodelling the kitchen.

I have finished this chapter, so I can help you answer the questions.

Jednoduchý minulý čas (Simple past – ukončené udalosti)

My grandparents lived in their house on Tower Avenue until 1996.
I finished the chapter. Then I played video games.


Ďalšie použitie predprítomného času (Present Perfect)

a) situácie, ktoré začali v minulosti a pokračujú až do prítomnosti
Kay has belonged to the Sierra Club for four years.

b) udalosti, ktoré sa skončili v minulosti ale súvisia s prítomnosťou
Kay has applied to several hospitals for positions. She is waiting to hear from them.

c) udalosti, ktoré sa nedávno ukončili
Hannah has just finished junior high school.

Situácie, v ktorých sa používa jednoduchý minulý čas (Past Simple)

a) udalosti, ktoré sa udiali v stanovenom čase v minulosti
Kay joined the Girl Scouts when she was 8.

b) udalosti, ktoré trvali istý čas v minulosti
Mark attended Columbia University for two years as an undergraduate.

c) opakované udalosti v minulosti
Kay went to Girl Scouts camp every summer until she entered high school.

Peter Fisher má na starosti oddelenie predaja. Vo svojej reči sa predstavuje novým predajcom a krátko popíše spoločnosť Coffe Club. Použite správny tvar slovies, ktoré sú v zátvorkách.

Good morning. I’m Peter Fisher, Head of Sales. First I’ll introduce myself and then I’ll tell you a little bit about your new company. I ………………….(1 leave) university 20 years ago and then I ………………… (2 go) to the United States.

I …………… (3 join) Coffee Club 15 years ago and …………….(4 work) in the Sales Department for 10 years. I ………………… (5 become) Head of Sales last July and I ……………….. (6 not have) a holiday since then.

Coffee Club ………………….(7 be) the market leader for many years now. A year ago we ………………….. (8 reorganize) our Sales Department and, since November, our turnover …………………… (9 increase) by 12 and our share price …………………… (10 rise) sharply because of our excellent results.

In the last three months we ………………….(11 cut) costs by almost 5%.
Bringing us up to date, last week Coffee Club …………………….(12 launch) an advertising campaign for a low-priced product. It will be your first job to sell this product.

Key
1 left, 2 went, 3 joined, 4 worked, 5 became, 6 haven’t had, 7 has been,8 reorganized, 9 has increased, 10 has risen, 11 have cut, 12 launched

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